Immunzelluläre Muster bei Autoimmunkrankheiten

Author(s): Bayer, W., Schmidt, K.

Abstract: In patients with autoimmune diseases the analysis of immune cellular phenotypes appears to be a suitable diagnostic tool already by the fact that just these immune cells are in themselves responsible for initiation and perpetuation of the destructive inflammation. lndeed, retrospective evaluation of cellular immune profiles in patients suffering from autoimmunity yielded a prevailing deficiency of T suppressor cells. In phases of propagation of the inflammation, T helper cells either fall or strongly increase, depending on organ restriction of the various autoimmune disorders. A constant feature is a redistribution in favour of memory T helper cells (CD4+/ CD45R0+), an increase in co-expression of the IL-2 receptor (CD25), partially also of the long term activation marker HLA-DR. Values exceeding the normal range of B cells are reached in Hashimoto thyreoiditis, Bechterew's disease, and in a lesser frequency in psoriasis. Changes like a sudden fall of NK cells (CD3-/CD16+/CD56+) and of the native subtype of T helper cells (CD4+/CD45RA+) appear to announce a relapse in some patients with fluctuating disease activity. During an immunosuppressive treatment, such patients who develop an over-suppression become early recognized by the rapid decline of the total lymphocyte number, but more definitely by the loss of T helper cells and of NK cells.

Keyword(s): Autoimmunkrankheiten

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