Die biologische Bedeutung des Lithiums als Spurenelement

Author(s): Arnhold, W., Groppel, B., Kräuter, U.

Abstract: A diet poor in lithium caused a prenatal and postnatal growth depression in intrauterine lithium depieted goats. In goats and rats there were reproductive disturbances under the same conditions. Success in initial semination, conception rate and abortion rate of the goats with lithium deficiency was significantly worse. lt has been proven, that they gave birth to more female than male off-springs. The lithium deficiency reduced their milking capacity and also reduced their life expectancy significantly. Their sero-enzyme condition has been influenced in a negative way by the diet poor in lithium as well as by the MAO activity of the liver.The addition of 100 mg lithium/kg dry fodder substance reduced the fodder consumption in the case of chicken, pigs and cattle, reduced the growth and increased the water consumption. All pigs with 1000mg lithium/kg dry fodder substance died during the study period.The lithium condition of the animal is represented best by blood serum, hair and milk. Milk and eggs are very rich in lithium, while meat, sausages, cheese and curd contain medium amounts of lithium. The same is true for potatoes and vegetables. All grain products and legumes are poor in lithium. Different beverages (water, beer) can contain very much lithium.The lithium intake of adults varies extremely due to the different lithium content of food and the beverages as well as due to the different eating habits. The range of variation was larger than with all the other trace elements which were examined. In the average of the test population and the seven day intervals women took up 220 to 532 and men 182 to 546 µg lithium/day in the region of the former GDR. The region where they lived had an influence on the lithium consumption of the test population, probably due to the beverages and the vegetables. The lithium requirement of humans and animals is still unknown.

Keyword(s): Lithium

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