Planta Med. 2003 Feb; 69(2): 155-7.

Coumarins and carbazoles from Clausena excavata exhibited antimycobacterial and antifungal activities.

Sunthitikawinsakul A, Kongkathip N, Kongkathip B, Phonnakhu S, Daly JW, Spande TF, Nimit Y, Rochanaruangrai S.

Four known coumarins, dentatin (1), nor-dentatin (2), clausenidin (3) and xanthoxyletin (5), and six known carbazole derivatives, 3-formylcarbazole (6), mukonal (7), 3-methoxycarbonylcarbazole (8), murrayanine (9), 2-hydroxy-3-formyl-7-methoxycarbazole (10) and clauszoline J (11) were isolated from Clausena excavata. Compounds 1 and 6 were first isolated from the crude chloroform extract of the rhizomes. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 11 showed antimycobacterial activity at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 50, 100, 200, 100, 200, 50, 100 and 100 microg/mL, respectively. O-Methylated clausenidin ( 4), prepared from 3, exhibited antimycobacterial activity at MIC 50 microg/mL. Compounds 6, 7, 8 and 10 showed antifungal activity with IC 50 values of 13.6, 29.3, 9.5 and 2.8 microg/mL, respectively. All compounds demonstrated no cytotoxicity against KB and BC-1 cell lines.