Basal ganglia output and cognition: Evidence from anatomical, behavioral, and clinical studies

Author(s): Strick, P. L.

Journal/Book: Brain Cognition. 2000; 42: 525 B St, Ste 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA. Academic Press Inc. 183-200.

Abstract: The traditional view that the basal ganglia are simply involved in the control of movement has been challenged in recent years. Three lines of evidence indicate that the basal ganglia also are involved in nonmotor operations. First, the results of anatomical studies clearly indicate that the basal ganglia participate in multiple circuits or 'loops' with cognitive areas of the cerebral cortex. Second, the activity of neurons within selected portions of the basal ganglia is more related to cognitive or sensory operations than to motor functions. Finally, in some instances basal ganglia lesions cause primarily cognitive or sensory disturbances without gross motor impairments. In this report, we briefly review some of these data and present a new anatomical framework for understanding the basal ganglia contributions to nonmotor function.

Note: Review Strick PL, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv 151S, 800 Irving Ave, Syracuse,NY 13210 USA

Keyword(s): OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; EARLY PARKINSONS-DISEASE; MONKEY SUBSTANTIA NIGRA; SPATIAL WORKING-MEMORY; FRONTAL-LOBE SYNDROME; MPTP-TREATED MONKEYS; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; GLOBUS PALLIDUS

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