Precursors to schizophrenia: Do biological markers have specificity?

Author(s): Jones, P. B.

Journal/Book: Can J Psychiatry. 1999; 44: 260-441 Maclaren St, Ottawa, Ontario K2H 2P3, Canada. Canadian Psychiatric Assoc. 335-349.

Abstract: This review addresses childhood antecedents and biological markers of schizophrenia within a neurodevelopmental framework. General-population birth-cohort studies illustrate delays in developmental milestones, abnormalities in social functioning, and cognitive deficits throughout childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. Abnormal neurology and motor dysfunction have been measured in children prior to the onset of schizophrenia, at first onset of disease, and in those with chronic schizophrenia. Minor physical anomalies, a static marker of developmental disturbance, are also increased in schizophrenia. None of these factors has high specificity for this disorder. This review examines the associations between these precursors and some etiological factors for schizophrenia, comments on their lack of complete specificity to this psychotic syndrome, and considers their usefulness as predictors of risk.

Note: Reprint Tarrant CJ, Univ Nottingham, Div Psychiat, Duncan Macmillan House, Porchester Rd, Nottingham NG3 6AA, ENGLAND

Keyword(s): schizophrenia; neurodevelopment; birth cohort; neurological soft signs; minor physical abnormalities; precursors; antecedents; specificity; MINOR PHYSICAL ANOMALIES; NEUROLOGICAL SOFT SIGNS; HIGH-RISK PROJECT; JERUSALEM INFANT DEVELOPMENT; POPULATION BIRTH COHORT; 28-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; AFFECTIVE-ILLNESS; MOOD DISORDERS; ABNORMALITIES

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