Localization of the human frontal eye fields and motor hand area with transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance imaging

Author(s): Cheifet, S., Ingle, H., Shoup, R., Rafal, R.

Journal/Book: Neuropsychologia. 1999; 37: the Boulevard Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford Ox5 1GB, England. Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd. 225-231.

Abstract: We localized the neuroanatomical correlates for control of saccadic eye movements and for finger movements using a combined transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach. Two participants underwent TMS while performing an endogenous saccade task. The motor hand area was localized by TMS and the region anterior to it was mapped to identify the borders of a region where TMS produced delays in generating contralateral saccades. MRI scans were then obtained with fiducial markers placed over the motor hand area and 2 cm anterior to it, the common cortical region that produced saccadic delays in these two subjects. It was also shown that the structural anatomy of the hand area, physiologically defined by visible contractions of the contralateral hand following TMS, corresponded to the knob-like structure recently reported [18, 19]. These results demonstrate that TMS can be a precise, non-invasive tool for neuroanatomical mapping of cortical structures when combined with structural images of the brain.

Note: Article Ro T, Univ Coll London, Inst Cognit Neurosci, Alexandra House, 17 Queen Sq, London WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND

Keyword(s): frontal eye fields (FEF); saccades; transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); motor cortex; CONDITIONAL OCULOMOTOR ASSOCIATIONS; CORTICOSPINAL PROJECTIONS; GUIDED SACCADES; HEARING-LOSS; CORTEX; LOBE; ACQUISITION

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