Explaining how survivors respond to downsizing: The roles of trust, empowerment, justice, and work redesign

Author(s): Spreitzer, G. M.

Journal/Book: Acad Manage Rev. 1998; 23: Pace Univ, PO Box 3020, 235 Elm Rd, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510-8020. Acad Management. 567-588.

Abstract: In this article we develop a stress-based framework of survivors' responses to downsizing. First, we synthesize prior research findings into a typology of survivor responses delineated by two underlying dimensions: constructive/destructive and active/passive. Drawing on Lazarus's theory of stress, we then posit that how survivors appraise the downsizing will shape their responses to it. We argue that trust and justice influence primary appraisal and facilitate more constructive responses because they reduce the extent to which organizational downsizing is evaluated as a threat. Likewise, we argue that empowerment and work redesign influence secondary appraisal and facilitate more active responses because they enhance survivors assessments of their capacity to cope with the threat. Finally, we discuss contributions of the framework and implications for research and practice.

Note: Article Mishra AK, Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem,NC 27109 USA

Keyword(s): JOB LOSS; PROCEDURAL JUSTICE; PERSONAL CONTROL; LAYOFFS; MODEL; LOYALTY; NEGLECT; VOICE; EXIT; INSECURITY

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