Executive functions in multiple sclerosis: An analysis of temporal ordering, semantic encoding, and planning abilities

Author(s): Rao, S. M., Grafman, J., Bernardin, L., Luchetta, T., Binder, J. R., Lobeck, L.

Journal/Book: Neuropsychology. 1997; 11: 750 First St NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242. Amer Psychological Assoc. 535-544.

Abstract: Previous studies have consistently demonstrated impairments in conceptual reasoning and set-shifting abilities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Other executive functions have been less frequently examined. We compared 44 MS patients and 48 demographically matched controls on a temporal-ordering and semantic-encoding task and on a test of planning (Tower of Hanoi). Compared with controls, MS patients experienced deficient semantic encoding and planning but unimpaired temporal-order memory. For both tasks, post hoc analyses indicated that chronic-progressive MS patients contributed most to the group differences. A combination of poor planning and slowed information-processing speed was hypothesized to have contributed to MS patients' impaired Tower of Hanoi performance. Further research is needed to explore the possible relationship between semantic-encoding and planning deficits in MS and social and occupational disabilities.

Note: Article Arnett PA, Washington State Univ, Dept Psychol, POB 644820, Pullman,WA 99164 USA

Keyword(s): FRONTAL-LOBE LESIONS; SORTING TEST-PERFORMANCE; COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION; MEMORY IMPAIRMENT; AMNESIC PATIENTS; PATTERNS; DEFICITS; DAMAGE

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