Interviews with preschool children about music videos

Author(s): Jellison, J. A.

Journal/Book: J Music Therapy. 1995; 32: 505 11TH St Se, Washington, DC 20003. Natl Assn Music Ther Inc. 265-285.

Abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the information that preschool children reported during interviews that immediately followed a single viewing of musical segments from educational videos. In this study, the educational videos consisted of Sesame Street puppets or animated figures singing songs that adults designated as ''teaching a message.'' ''Intended messages'' were identified by 35 adults and these messages formed the basis for the development of the interviews. Preschool children who attended a Head Start program first participated in a 15-minute music class twice a week for four weeks after which they were assessed on their ability to talk about songs that they sang. Questions for the interviews, based on the ''intended messages,'' were related to information in the videos that was either explicit or implicit. Children were also asked pre- and post- transfer questions. Analysis showed that the frequency of accurate and appropriate responses was highest when questions were specific (explicit information) and lowest when questions were related to more abstract ideas and information (implicit information). Few children were able to make meaningful transfers of implicit messages to new situations. Results are discussed related to ''intended'' educational messages in commercially produced materials and to the factors that may influence children's recall of ''educational material.''

Note: Article DE Wolfe, Univ Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211 USA

Keyword(s): TELEVISION; RETENTION; VOCABULARY; STUDENTS; RECALL; INPUT; WORDS

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