Panic disorder: A review of clinical research

Author(s): Craske, M. G.

Journal/Book: In Session-Psychother Pract. 1995; 1: 605 Third Ave, New York, NY 10158-0012. John Wiley & Sons Inc. 21-33.

Abstract: Etiological models and treatment protocols for panic have been derived from biological, psychological, and integrative formulations, and it is increasingly apparent that a biopsychosocial approach will be necessary to accommodate the clinical and empirical phenomena associated with this disorder. Recently developed cognitive-behavioral interventions for panic disorder include techniques such as cognitive restructuring, breathing retraining, and exposure to internal physical sensations of panic. Exposure to fearful situations has been implemented successfully in the reduction of agoraphobic avoidance. The combination of cognitive-behavioral techniques with pharmacotherapy is still being investigated. This article will review the research concerned with psychological and pharmacological interventions for panic disorder.

Note: Review SV Waikar, Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Franz Hall, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA

Keyword(s): anxiety; panic disorder; cognitive-behavioral therapy

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