J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1992 Jun; 15(5): 299-308.

Pathogenesis of chronic back pain.

Liebenson CS.

The cost of low back pain is reaching astronomical levels. Medical treatment has focused on structural pathology, which exists in only a small minority of patients. The symptoms most patients suffer appear to be related to functional pathology, psychosocial factors and environmental components. This article reviews treatment and prevention aimed at addressing these areas.