Facilitation and interference by background music

Author(s): Schyb, M.

Journal/Book: Journal of Music Therapy. 1989; 26: Silver Spring, Maryland, USA. National Association for Music Therapy 8455 Colesville Rd., Suite 930 20910 Silver Spring, Maryland USA. 42-54.

Abstract: Undergraduates performed a variety of standard cognitive tasks: spatial, numerical, and verbal reasoning and reading, either with no background music or with various types of music during performance. Performance on nonverbal tasks was facilitated by background music, especially for females. Slight interference appeared on the verbal tasks under some conditions for females. Processes possible mediating these effects are discussed.

Keyword(s): background-music, cognitive, cognitive-ability, individual-differences.

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