Acupunct Electrother Res. 1986 ; 11(1): 45-51.

A comparison of electro-acupuncture, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and laser photo-biostimulation on pain relief and glucocorticoid excretion. A case report.

Choi JJ, Srikantha K, Wu WH.

A clinical case report of the comparative effects of electro-acupuncture, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and laser photo-biostimulation on pain relief and 24-hour urinary excretion of 17-hydroxy-corticosteroids (17-OH-CS) following each biostimulation in a patient with a normal pituitary adrenal axis is presented. The excretion of 17-OH-CS after electro-acupuncture was higher than other modalities of treatments while there was no difference in pain relief among different modalities under this particular condition used in this study.