Am J Psychiatry. 1976 Feb; 133(2): 225-7.

Chronic hashish use and mental disorder.

Stefanis C, Liakos A, Boulougouris J, Fink M, Freedman AM.

The authors compared 47 long-term users of hashish with a control group of 40 subjects matched for age, ethnic origin, education, etc., in order to determine whether they differed significantly on psychiatric, physical health, and demographic variables. There was a significantly higher incidence of personality disorders, unemployment, and prison sentences in the group of chronic users. However, in contrast to the findings of other researchers, the hashish users did not have organic psychoses, nor did they differ from control subjects in neurologic signs or EEG and echo encephalogram patterns.