A Bacteriological Irritation Analogue for Aerosols

Journal/Book: Reprinted from the A. M. A. Archives of Industrial Health August 1959 Vol. 20 pp. 167-180. 1959;

Abstract: ALEXANDER GOETZ and NOEL TSUNEISHI Pasadena Calif. Received for publication Oct. 7 1958. * In view of these promising basic features one of us (A. G.) designed this method in 1957 and suggested it to the U. S. Public Health Service Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center Cincinnati ; it was subsequently explored by us and independently by Mr. H. F. Clark Senior Bacteriologist of the above Institution. Since it proved workable and indicative of an analogy with eye-irritation (auto exhaust Smog) additional efforts were spent an improvement of technique and instrumentation as well as an exploratory applications to synthetic synergistic aerosols. Purpose and Procedure I. The Rotary Impactor 1. Purpose 2. Design 3. Modes of application 4. Impaction pattern II. Bacteriological Procedure 1. The working principle of the concentrometer 2. Preparation of the bacterial I-Strip III. Generation of Test Aerosols 1. Calibration methods 2. Quantitative relations IV. Results of BIA Tests 1. Automobile exhaust 2. Tobacco smoke 3. Synthetic aerosols Conclusion The use of micro-organisms (bacteria yeast cells etc.) seemed promising in spite of their evolutionary distance from the mammalian forms because of (a) their unlimited availability; (b) absence of statistical fluctuation owing to large numbers; (c) wide tolerance to conditioning by temperature nutrient composition etc. and thus possibility of sensitivity adjustment to specific irritants; (d) applicability of membrane-culture technique which allows the isolation of the cells from its nutrient environment during the test exposure and results in permanent records; (e) low test and equipment cost and minimal space requirements compared with animals or human.* ... ___MH

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