J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Jun; 86(2-3): 213-8.

Endothelium-dependent effects of the ethanolic extract of the mistletoe Psittacanthus calyculatus on the vasomotor responses of rat aortic rings.

RodrÃguez-Cruz ME, PÃ©rez-Ordaz L, Serrato-Barajas BE, JuÃ¡rez-Oropeza MA, Mascher D, Paredes-Carbajal MC.

Instituto de Investigaciones QuÃmico BiolÃ³gicas, UMSNH, Morelia, Mich, Mexico.

The mistletoe Psittacanthus calyculatus (Loranthaceae) is used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension. In the present study the effects of a crude ethanolic extract of this mistletoe, on the vasomotor reactivity of superfused rat aortic rings (with or without a functional endothelium) were analyzed. Either in the absence or in the presence of L-NAME or indomethacin, the extract (12.5-800 microg/ml) had no effect on the basal tone of both types of rings. In phenylephrine-precontracted rings, low concentrations of the extract (up to 300 microg/ml) induced a small additional tension development in both types of rings; however, the tension increase was slightly larger in rings having an intact endothelium. At higher concentrations (400-800 microg/ml), the extract relaxed, concentration-dependently, phenylephrine-precontracted rings with an intact endothelium. This relaxation was completely reverted by the addition of L-NAME. When the extract was applied in the continuous presence of L-NAME to phenylephrine-precontracted rings, instead of a relaxation a marked additional tension development occurred. Indomethacin did not modify the relaxation induced by the extract. The results indicate that the ethanolic extract of this mistletoe induces, predominantly, an endothelium-dependent relaxation which seems to be mediated by the synthesis/release of nitric oxide.