J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Jun; 42(6): 605-12.

Hawthorn.

Chang Q, Zuo Z, Harrison F, Chow MS.

School of Pharmacy, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, SAR, PRC.

A review with 54 references covers all aspects of hawthorn, the genus Crataegus, including its traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and clinical effects. Although the effectiveness of hawthorn on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has received extensive attention worldwide, further scientific research on various areas such as pharmacokinetics, mechanism of actions will be necessary to ensure its safe and effective usage.