Effects of Kneippism, a Standardized Complex Therapeutic Regimen in a Spa Environment, on Pain, (Quality of Life, and Drug Consumption: Cohort Study with 1-Year Follow-Up

Author(s): Albus, T., Uhlemann, C., Volger, E., Pelka, R., Resch, K.

Abstract: Background: Inpatient as well as outpatient cure in a spa environment with commonly 3- to 4-week duration features a combination of different treatments customized according to the needs of the individual patient. The physiological rationale and the mode of action are widely accepted. However, firm quantitative evidence of the clinical effectiveness is incomplete. Objective: To document the effects of a well standardized complex therapeutic regimen (Kneippism) on pain, quality of life, and drug consumption during therapy and with 1-year follow up. Study Design: Prospective cohort study with assessments at the beginning, during, and at the end of treatment and with follow-up investigations 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. Setting: Four spa clinics in Bad Wörishofen, Southern Bavaria. Patients: 363 patients (248 outpatients, mean duration of therapy 23.3 days, and 115 inpatients, mean duration of therapy 27.4 days), one half between 40 and 60 years old above 60 years of age, predominantly suffering from musculoskeletal and/or cardiovascular diseases. Intervention: Customtailored combination of therapies comprising of hydro-, kinesi-, and phytotherapy, dietetics, 'ordnungstherapie', and continued disease-specific standard treatment, if necessary. Main Outcome Measure: Pain, patients' self-rating, (IRES questionnaire), medication. Results: The monitored dimensions of pain improved significantly during treatment and remained at that level essentially for the complete follow up interval. The same was true for various dimensions of reported subjective complaints as well as for drug consumption. Conclusion: When estimating the clinical relevance of a complex therapeutic regimen such as a cure of 3- to 4-week duration, the question of the impact of the specific effect of single components is secondary to the question of the overall relevance of that therapeutic concept. The findings of this study point at potential long-term effects of at least 1-year duration.

Keyword(s): Kneipp-Therapie: Evaluation

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