Neuroimaging of developmental and genetic disorders

Author(s): Kaufmann, W. E., Reiss, A. L.

Journal/Book: Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin. 1997; 6: Independence Square West, Curtis Center, Ste 300, Philadelphia, PA 19106-3399. W B Saunders Co. 283.

Abstract: Knowledge of the neurobiologic mechanisms that produce developmental brain disorders has increased considerably with the development and implementation of neuroimaging methodologies. By systematically accessing the developing brain, neuroimaging studies provide the means to identify disorder-specific brain abnormalities, explore the neuroanatomic basis of age-related functional changes, and directly test hypotheses about brain-behavior associations. This article reviews the contribution of neuroimaging studies to our understanding of several specific syndromes associated with developmental dysfunction in children. Specifically, neuroimaging studies of Down, fragile X, Turner's, Williams, and Rett syndromes are used to explore the mechanisms through which distinct genetic factors lead to abnormal brain development and cognitive and behavioral dysfunction in children.

Note: Review Kates WR, Kennedy Krieger Inst, Behav Neurogenet & Neuroimaging Res Ctr, 707 N Broadway, Baltimore,MD 21205 USA

Keyword(s): FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; FRONTAL-SUBCORTICAL CIRCUITS; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; DSM-III-R; RETT-SYNDROME; DOWNS-SYNDROME; WILLIAMS-SYNDROME; TURNER SYNDROME

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